1889 Fischer reported the fermentation ofd-ManOHOHCH2OH-0HHOHNO3HOOHHOHH--OHH--OHCH2OHMannitolfermentation
1889 Fischer reported the fermentation of d-Man HNO3 Mannitol fermentation
Experiments That Demonstrated the Chemical Basis of BiologyeyeastRacemicmannosel-mannose+CO,+ethanolSimilarly, d-glucose, I-fructose, or d-galactose yeast, CO, + ethanolyeastHowever,l-glucose,d-fructose,orl-galactosenofermentationCHOL-(dextro)-fructoseCHOHOHHOHOpticallyactiveH-OH-HHOHO--HHeptosesH--OHHOHOctosesH--OHCH2OH12CH2OHD-Gulcose
Optically active Heptoses Octoses reported D- L-(dextro)-fructose
Semi-micro scale rxn(a) 70 mg sugar0.35 ml water0.35ml sterilized yeastextract13 mg yeast species(b) S-trap for evolved CO2(c) Ba(OH)2 (aq)L13Actual size
Semi-micro scale rxn (a) 70 mg sugar 0.35 ml water 0.35ml sterilized yeast extract 13 mg yeast species (b) S-trap for evolved CO2 (c) Ba(OH)2 (aq) Actual size
TheSelectiveFermentation of Natural SugarsbyPure YeastsSugarGlucoseMannoseGalactosed-dIdYeastI-Fructosead-Sorboseb++++++++++++S. pastorianus I+++++++++++S. pastorianus II+++++++++S.pastorianusIll+++++++++++++++Brauereihefe++++++++++Brennereihefe++++++++++MilchzuckerhefeaUsedbyFischertodesignatenaturalD-fructoseb Also negative were d-talose,l-gulose,l-arabinose,rhamnose,α-glucoheptose,andα-glucooctoseThe same observation is likely to be found for other microorganisms as well as for othergroups of organic compounds and perhaps a very great number of chemical processesoccurringwithinanorganismareinfluencedbythegeometryofthecell